Effect of migration on tourism caused by political, economic, and social challenges

Abstract

The current diploma research work is addressed toward the investigation of the potential influence of the migration patterns on the tourism and hospitality industry by applying mixed research techniques such as quantitative (online surveying) and qualitative (interviews). Overall, 107 survey responses and 5 interviews were collected. The survey responses were analyzed by application of the descriptive as well as linear regression models. The survey findings revealed potential negative consequences of the migration onthe tourism and hospitality industry by highlighting on the potential challenges such as increasing crime rates, unemployment and overpopulation issues. However, the migrationalso contributed to the HR diversity, cheap labor force and economic prosperity of the industry. In order to obtain statistically significant relationships between the migration and tourismand hospitality industry, the regression analysis was applied on the collected survey data.The results demonstrated that the migration-induced challenges such as economic and social could have considerable negative impact on the tourism and hospitality industry. The research findings have practical implications for future research works as the currentwork was one of the first attempts to address the existence of the relationships between migration and tourism and hospitality industry. Based on these observations, the following recommendations are made. It is important toconduct more detailed analysis of the situation with migrants in Kazakhstan and their employment to assess which spheres they prefer to be employed. Moreover, the future research works should examine potential issues such as migrant-employer relationships, the legal status of migrants, their competences as well as skills that could provide with more qualitative information about the applicability of migrants to work for the tourism industry.Moreover, it would be better to investigate the migrants’ perspectives, perceptionsand opinions in order to identify their motives, reasons for a migration and the future plansto assess whether if they will be employed in the tourism industry or not. These two recommendations will enable to create a picture of a migrant in Kazakhstan, his/her behavior, cultural, social and demographic aspects all of which are important in assessing their employability